جدید ہیومنزم کے نظریات اور اسلامی تعلیمات کا تجزیہ
An Analysis of Modern Humanism and Islamic Teachings
Abstract
Modern humanism is a philosophical and intellectual movement that places humanity at the center of the universe, basing ethics and values entirely on human reason, experience, and scientific logic. It rejects the supremacy of religion and views humans as autonomous and fully responsible for their actions. In contrast, Islamic teachings interpret the role and position of humans through divine principles, where ethics and values are rooted in revelation, the will of Allah, and the concept of the Hereafter. This study presents a comparative analysis of the fundamental ideas of modern humanism and Islamic teachings. Key principles of humanism, such as individual freedom, human rights, and rational thinking, are compared with Islamic concepts like Tawhid (monotheism), collective welfare, and divine guidance. Humanism claims that individuals have the capacity to establish their moral principles independently, whereas Islam argues that morality is based on divine commandments and seeks not only worldly success but also spiritual purification and ultimate success in the Hereafter. The analysis reveals some shared aspects between humanism and Islamic teachings, such as the emphasis on human dignity and the promotion of justice. However, the fundamental difference lies in the basis of morality. Humanism centers everything on human reason, while Islam places Allah's sovereignty at the core. This research also explores the outcomes of humanism's emphasis on individual freedom and rights, which, while appealing, sometimes lead to moral relativism, the decline of collective values, and spiritual emptiness. In contrast, Islamic teachings offer a balanced framework where individual freedom is aligned with collective welfare and divine will, enabling the creation of a harmonious and organized society. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for a constructive dialogue between modern humanist philosophy and Islamic teachings. By understanding the strengths of both systems, it is possible to find a comprehensive and balanced approach to human life that addresses both material and spiritual dimensions.
Keywords: Modern Humanism, Monotheism, Philosophy, Comprehensive
